The beginning lies in importing resources that cannot be produced or procured domestically and are in short supply. It is the primary responsibility of a nation-state to ensure that all necessary goods for living are evenly distributed to all citizens. Procuring and distributing the resources necessary for living is a matter of life and death for the citizens.
Therefore, procuring the resources necessary for all citizens to live is a matter of national survival, even if it means resorting to violent means or military force.
However, war is not a productive activity.
It is not necessarily true that engaging in war leads to economic downturns. On the contrary, it can sometimes lead to economic booms.
There is also the phenomenon known as the war economy. Countries that are not battlefields themselves may appear to have a booming economy by operating their military industries at full capacity. However, since this does not involve the production of goods directly related to daily life, the consequences will eventually catch up.
The important thing is to be able to balance the surpluses and deficits between nations without resorting to violent means. Trade and commerce are the means to balance surpluses and deficits without resorting to violence.
Overseas trade is a matter of international division of labor. The buying and selling, as well as lending and borrowing between nations, are zero-sum balanced.
Originally, a nation must balance production and consumption. If balanced, self-sufficiency can be achieved.
The key is to continue distributing and supplying “money” so that everyone can obtain the resources necessary for living. The reason for the need to continue supplying is that “money” is depleted when used.
Domestic buying and selling, as well as lending and borrowing, are balanced. This is because the circulation of currency is constant. In other words, currency circulates to compensate for surpluses and deficits. The overall buying and selling, as well as lending and borrowing in the international market, are zero-sum balanced. Both vertical and horizontal directions are balanced.
The main issue is the value of currency and exchange rates. The premise is that multiple currency zones exist.
It is not as simple as solving the problem by unifying currencies. This is because currency is deeply related to national sovereignty. National sovereignty is constrained and restricted not only by economic policies but also by the national system, founding principles, constitution, and legal system. Moreover, even if currencies are unified, regional disparities cannot be resolved.
There are differences between wealthy and poor countries. However, just because a country is resource-rich does not mean all its citizens are wealthy. The key issue is whether there is a mechanism for wealth distribution and whether it functions properly.
In the poorest countries, there can be some of the world’s wealthiest individuals. In other words, poverty includes both absolute poverty and relative poverty. Disparities exist both between nations and within nations.
Basically, the population of the poor is larger than that of the wealthy.
What is wealth? Wealth can be felt by improving the quality of consumption.